Diabetes and Children: GUWellness: Mind, Body, Soul

The most common type of diabetes in childhood is Type 1. This condition affects the body’s ability to produce insulin—a hormone that helps the body regulate blood sugar. The keys to managing Type I diabetes rely on ongoing attention to a number of everyday factors:

Blood glucose monitoring—Blood sugar levels may need to be checked several times a day. Typically, this is done by putting a small drop of blood on a test strip and testing it in a device called a blood glucose monitor. Your child’s doctor will advise you on the best times to check these levels. It’s a good idea to record them in a diary to bring along on doctor’s visits.

Insulin therapy—People with Type 1 diabetes may rely on shots of insulin during the day to make up for what’s not produced by their bodies. Some children and adolescents may use insulin pumps. Younger children will need the help of parents, teachers, school nurses or other caregivers. But, older children often can learn to take charge of their insulin therapy on their own. Remind your child that, even though shots may hurt a little, they’re important to help keep him or her feeling well and strong.

Diet—The meal plan for a child or adolescent with diabetes usually aims to keep blood sugar levels somewhat constant, while providing nutrition needed for growth. Sweets and other sugary foods often need to be limited. However, most children with diabetes can work most foods into their diets in moderation. Also, with diabetes, when you eat is as important as what you eat. Talk with your child’s doctor about scheduling meal and snack times.

Exercise—Physical activity not only helps control blood sugar, but it helps strengthen bones and muscles, and is an important part of everyday life for most children. Your child’s doctor can advise you on any restrictions or special arrangements you may need to make. You may need to schedule exercise around snacks and insulin shots.

Establish a routine. Make diabetes management part of your child’s regular schedule. Involve anyone who provides care for your child—including teachers or a school nurse, sitters, family and close friends. It will be easier to cope with once it becomes habit—and your child will be able to focus on other things.

Prepare for emergencies. Have a written action plan on hand for emergencies. Keep a copy on file at your child’s school or anywhere else he or she regularly spends time. And, make sure anyone who is caring for your child has action to the action plan.

Work as a team. As your child gets older, he or she will be able to take on some of the aspects of his or her diabetes management. Encourage your child to take an active role. Together, you can work with your doctor to stay on top of regular visits, treatment and preventive screenings. Keep in mind, there may be times when your child feels frustrated or emotionally burdened by the demands of this condition.

Be reassuring—a positive attitude goes a long way.